Uric Acid, Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Risk in Early and Late Preeclampsia

Abstract

Introduction: In preeclampsia, the use of new markers such as uric acid, lipid profile and other regulatory factors of angiogenesis has been described. For this reason, these markers have been proposed for the diagnosis of the disease and are commonly used in the assessment of pregnant women with suspected preeclampsia.
Objective: To determine the behavior of hemochemical readings in early and late preeclampsia.
Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out on pregnant women treated in the maternal and perinatal care room at Mariana Grajales Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital in Santa Clara, from 2018 to 2021. The sample consisted of 506 patients, 100 with early preeclampsia and 406 with late preeclampsia. The statistical analysis was carried out in two stages: descriptive analysis and inferential analysis, for which the student's t and chi-square tests were used. The level of statistical significance was considered with a value of p <0.05.
Results: In the uric acid as well as in the lipid profile, all the parameters analyzed showed higher frequency in late preeclampsia, and glycemia values equal to or greater than 4.4 were present in 73.91% of the cases. In late preeclampsia, all the variables presented a
mean with risk values, but not in early preeclampsia. Both, the results of the Castelli index and the proatherogenic risk showed a mean with atherogenic risk values.
Conclusions: Uric acid levels, lipid profile, and atherogenic risk indicators were found to be altered in patients with preeclampsia, with predominance of the late-onset phenotype.