Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in the University Polyclinic "Santa Clara" (2015-2016)

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is the most frequent medical complication of pregnancy. In Cuba, an incidence of between 5 and 10% has been found and is one of the earliest causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity.
Objectives: to describe the behavior of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women.
Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the "Santa Clara" Polyclinic in the period 2015-2016. The study population consisted of all the (210) pregnant women who belonged to the "Santa Clara" polyclinic. For the selection of the sample a non-probabilistic sampling was used by criteria, and finally it was constituted by 52 patients.
Results: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a frequent entity in the health area with repercussions on maternal morbidity rates in 20 patients (38.5 %), perinatal morbidity in 17 patients (32.7 %) and mortality in 2 patients (3.8 %).
Conclusions: these disorders present more in women in the extreme ages of reproductive life and with nutritional disorders. Hypercholesterolemia and chronic hypertension are among the main associated conditions. It was present mainly in nulliparous and primiparous women with full term pregnancies and there was a high index of labor induction and cesarean section. Puerperal morbidity was high with prevalence of anemia and also had an impact on the weight and condition of newborns.