Characterization of Underweight Neonate of Adolescent Mother

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy in early ages is one of the most important medical dilemmas in the world population. This rising problem is considered as a newborn risk factor, which carries high probabilities of being low birth weight and prematurity.
Objective: To characterize the underweight neonate of adolescent mother in Guanabacoa Obstetric gynecology Teaching Hospital from 2014 to 2016.
Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. The variables studied were stage of adolescence, gestational age, newborn weight, type of delivery, occurrence and type of complications.
Results: There were 718 adolescent mothers in the triennium (11 %). The underweight infants were 41 (4.7 %). The most affected year was 2016 (5.7 %). The late adolescence stage predominated with 65.8 % and gestational age of less than 37 weeks (61 %). Out of the total number of newborns, 73.5 % were born weighing between 2000-2499 gm. As complications, delayed intrauterine growth and bronchopneumonia were the most prevalent and there were 3 deaths (7.3 %).
Conclusions: The presence of pregnancies in late adolescence in the triennium presupposes the increase in the low weight index at the expense of preterm infants, with the consequential complications, including fatal. It is important to encourage the prevention of early motherhood due to the risk of morbidity and mortality for the newborn.