Uterine Carcinosarcoma. Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, Therapeutic Management and Survival

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine carcinosarcomas are biphasic neoplasms, very aggressive and rare. They represent less than 5% of endometrial cancers, with high lethality.
Objective: To describe the clinical-pathological characteristics, therapeutic management and survival of uterine carcinosarcoma.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in 40 patients with a diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma, treated at the National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology from 2009 to 2016. Qualitative and quantitative measures, hypothesis tests
and survival analysis were used for statistical analysis, Kaplan-Meier statistical method and Long Rank test to compare survival by strata.
Results: The average age of the patients was 69.7 years. Hypertension (65.0%), diabetes mellitus (37.5%), and increased body weight index (52.5%) were the most frequent antecedents. Postmenopausal bleeding, increased uterine size, and the presence of a
cervical polyp were the most common findings. 62.5% of the patients had advanced disease. Multimodal therapy was the most widely used. Recurrence arose in 66.6% of the patients. The overall survival rate at 1 year and 3 years was 47.5% and 11.7%, respectively. The overall disease-free survival at 3 years was 33.2%.
Conclusions: Uterine carcinosarcoma is a rare and very aggressive disease, diagnosed in advanced stages with high rate of recurrence and mortality, which is why early diagnosis, clinical and postoperative staging and the use of combined therapies for both stages are
necessary. early and late.