Obesity phenotypes influence in the fetal wrought

Abstract

Introduction: obesity phenotypes are frequent from early ages of life. Its presence during pregnancy can modify fetal growth and delivery outcomes.

Objective: to determine the variations in fetal growth until birth in pregnant women with obesity phenotypes.

Methods: longitudinal and prospective study in three health areas of the Santa Clara municipality, from January 2016 to October 2020. The population was 1,357 apparently healthy pregnant women, aged 20 to 35 years, captured before 12.6 weeks, with a single fetus and ended their pregnancies with a full-term newborn. The non-probabilistic sample by criteria was 394 pregnant women. Maternal anthropometric and biometric variables and birth weight were studied. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used.

Results: maternal adiposity increases from the normal weight obese phenotype to the metabolically unhealthy obese. The values of the primary biometric variables were similar, while the estimated fetal weight showed differences between the phenotypes. the variation in estimated fetal weight time was greater until the third trimester in obese normal weight and metabolically healthy obese women, from which time it was higher in metabolically obese normal weight and metabolically unhealthy obese women. Birth weight was higher in metabolically unhealthy pregnant women.

Conclusions: the adiposity traits of pregnant women with obesity phenotypes condition variations in the rate of fetal growth. Increased abdominal adiposity with metabolic repercussions is associated with higher birth weight regardless of nutritional status.