Risk Factors Associated with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia at Ramón López Peña Community Clinic

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most frequent of the female genital tract and it ranks second among all types of cancers in women worldwide.
Objective: To identify the risk factors associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out at Ramón López Peña Teaching Community Clinic in Santiago de Cuba municipality, from January to December 2020. The universe consisted of 119 women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The variables to evaluate were age, diagnosis of neck pathology, age of the first sexual intercourse and risk factors for intraepithelial neoplasia.
Results: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was more frequent in the group of women aging 25 and 29 years (27.7%). Intraepithelial neoplasia I prevailed (95.7%) among the pathologies of the cervix. It also prevailed among those who began sexual intercourse between 13 and 15 years of age (35.2%). It was major in those who had had uterus infection by the human papilloma virus (53.7%), three or more
sexual partners (48.7%), in those who did not use condom and had sexually transmitted vaginal infections (45.3% and 35.2%), respectively.
Conclusions: There is a close relationship between the variables indicated (age of initiation of sexual intercourse, human papillomavirus infection, having had more than three sexual partners, not using condom, and sexually transmitted infections, and the appearance of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.