Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis performed on patients with gynecological surgeries at ¨Homero Castanier Crespo¨

Abstract

Introduction: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a world concern and in Ecuador, this problem worsens because there are not relevant measures in place to control the situation. Neither surveillance programs of infections caused by resistant bacteria nor control of the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials are implemented. The health professionals´ knowledge is poor about it and the infection commissions are nonexistent in hospitals.
Objective: To evaluate the quality of prescription and the cost of treatment of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis through drug therapy follow-up in patients operated on for gynecological problems.
Method: A retrospective study and an economic assessment of treatment cost minimization type was carried out in ¨Homero Castanier Crespo¨hospital in Ciudad de Azogues, Ecuador, from September 2015 to March 2016.
Results: Most of the patients were 21 to 40 years-old. The main reasons for surgery were ruptured ovarian cyst and uterine myoma. Clean-contaminated surgeries predominated. The most used antimicrobial was cefazoline at a single dose every 8, 12 and 24 hours. Around 20% of cases changed their treatment with no justification. PRM₆ prevailed. Most of prescriptions were inadequate. The global cost of antimicrobials was 503.09 US dollars. If prophylaxis would have been correctly applied, then 435.45 US dollars had been saved.
Conclusions: It is suggested that the preoperative protocol of antibiotic prophylaxis be redesigned in ¨Homero Castanier Crespo¨.