Low Birth Weight Behavior in Patients Treated at "Pedro Borrás Astorga" University Polyclinic, Pinar del Rio, Cuba

Abstract

Introduction: Low birth weight is currently one of the causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality and it is an indicator that values the results of prenatal care.
Objective: Analyze low birth weight behavior in patients treated at Pedro Borrás Astorga University Polyclinic, in Pinar del Río.
Methods: An analytical, descriptive and retrospective study was performed from 2010 to 2015. We worked with a universe of 109 babies underweight at birth and a survey was applied. Descriptive statistics methods were used and the results were expressed in tables.
Results: Low birth weight (BPN) behavior in 2013 was 8.1 % with a subsequent decline. The prevailed marital status was the stable union. Adolescents and women ≤ 35 years predominated. The previous risks were the history of births with BPN and hypertension. With regard to medical risks during pregnancy, induced hypertension, vaginal infection and premature rupture of the membrane were the most significant. Preterm births between 28 and 36 weeks, transpelvian delivery, preterm birth and newborns weighing between 2000 and 2499 grams prevailed.
Conclusions: Prevention of low birth weight is a public health priority and a powerful tool for reducing infant mortality. Actions should be established for its prevention, which will result in the welfare of the Cuban population.