Prevalence and Characterization of Preeclampsia

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is an exclusive entity of the human species that appears during pregnancy, childbirth or the puerperium. Each year, ten million women suffer from it, and it is a leading cause of maternal morbidity directly linked to hemorrhage, caesarean section, low birth weight and perinatal and maternal mortality.
Objective: To determine the incidence of preeclampsia and characterize this disease from the epidemiological, clinical and humoral point of view, to create the basis for future analytical studies.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out from April 2017 to March 2020 that included 195 patients with preeclampsia, treated at Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Provincial General Hospital in Bayamo, Granma.
Results: The prevalence of preeclampsia was 3.56%. The mean age was 26.7 years. Mean platelet count values were 220.4 per 109/L, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase 29.2 IU, and creatinine 64.1 mmol/L. The high schooling level prevailed in the patients (74.7%). Late preeclampsia represented 80.2%. Pathological Doppler ultrasound of uterine arteries at 24 weeks of gestation was
in 15.4% of the series.
Conclusions: The prevalence of preeclampsia in our study is lower than that reported in the literature reviewed. The results of the characterization can be used in analytical studies that will support the preventive actions of the disease.