Conocimientos sobre planificación familiar en mujeres dispensarizadas por riesgo reproductivo preconcepcional - Hierrezuelo Rojas, Naifi; Fernández Gonzáles, Paula; León Guilar, Alain; Girón Pérez, Elizabeth (Revista Cubana de Obstetricia y Ginecología, 2023)
<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*437.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02874);" role="presentation">Introducción: <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*152.18px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*437.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.921405);" role="presentation">El nacimiento del hijo en el momento apropiado, de acuerd<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*440.52px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*437.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89374);" role="presentation">o con el deseo <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*457.92px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.944351);" role="presentation">del padre y la madre, constituye un hecho social de vital importancia en estos tiempos <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*478.62px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.90087);" role="presentation">que no debe agravar la situación económica de la familia. <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02837);" role="presentation">Objetivo: <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*137.84px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.917363);" role="presentation">Evaluar <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*186.30px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927533);" role="presentation">la <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*206.08px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928786);" role="presentation">efectividad <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*270.50px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849118);" role="presentation">de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*292.99px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.865908);" role="presentation">una <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*321.48px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927269);" role="presentation">intervención <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*392.61px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.894761);" role="presentation">educativa <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*449.72px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849118);" role="presentation">en <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*472.21px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*499.32px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.890121);" role="presentation">mujeres <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.867913);" role="presentation">dispensarizadas <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*165.74px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.922443);" role="presentation">por <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*194.23px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.09918);" role="presentation">ri<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*201.62px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.84563);" role="presentation">esgo <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*236.11px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928589);" role="presentation">reproductivo <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*309.88px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89936);" role="presentation">preconcepcional. <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*403.94px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.861092);" role="presentation">para <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*437.10px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.956415);" role="presentation">modificar <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*496.17px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*520.02px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.912853);" role="presentation">los <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*540.72px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930735);" role="presentation">conocimientos sobre planificación familiar. <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*561.42px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.97331);" role="presentation">Métodos: <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*130.46px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*561.42px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.93079);" role="presentation">Se realizó un estudio cuasi-<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*268.06px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*561.42px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.940666);" role="presentation">experimental de tipo intervención educativa a un <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927142);" role="presentation">conjunto <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*127.72px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849118);" role="presentation">de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*146.66px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899489);" role="presentation">25 <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*166.39px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.888997);" role="presentation">mujeres <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*212.03px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.868467);" role="presentation">dispensarizadas <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*295.03px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849118);" role="presentation">en <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*314.04px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927533);" role="presentation">el <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*330.41px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.88448);" role="presentation">Programa <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*384.94px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849118);" role="presentation">de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*403.95px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.892476);" role="presentation">Riesgo <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*444.98px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896839);" role="presentation">Reproduc<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*491.70px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*582.12px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00008);" role="presentation">tivo <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*602.82px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893663);" role="presentation">Preconcepcional<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*157.34px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*602.82px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.974305);" role="presentation">, las cuales cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y constituyeron la <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*623.52px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.987965);" role="presentation">muestra de estudio. La estrategia educativa se realizó en tres etapas: diagnóstico, <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*644.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.941032);" role="presentation">desarrollo y evaluación. Se confeccionó una encuesta para realizar el diagnóstic<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*479.88px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*644.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06102);" role="presentation">o y la <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*664.86px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.9403);" role="presentation">evaluación de conocimientos. Para la evaluación de los resultados se utilizó el método <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*685.56px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.877973);" role="presentation">estadístico de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*157.98px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*685.56px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.92753);" role="presentation">Mc Nemar, con nivel de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*277.36px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*685.56px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.921815);" role="presentation">significación de p< 0,05. <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*81.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*706.28px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.946517);" role="presentation">Resultados: <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*147.14px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*706.28px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.982326);" role="presentation">Se constató que antes de la intervención educativa, la mayoría de las <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*726.98px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.891312);" role="presentation">pacientes p<span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*132.68px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*726.98px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.924856);" role="presentation">resentaba desconocimiento sobre temas como planificación familiar, tipos de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*73.82px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905193);" role="presentation">métodos anticonceptivos, sus ventajas, efectos adversos y contraindicaciones, hecho que <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*94.52px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916899);" role="presentation">fue revertido con la aplicación de la intervención. <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*81.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*115.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.94661);" role="presentation">Conclusiones: <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*157.70px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*115.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.949095);" role="presentation">La intervención educativa <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*292.18px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*115.22px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00295);" role="presentation">fue efectiva al lograr modificar el nivel de <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*135.94px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.947193);" role="presentation">conocimiento sobre la planificación familiar en las mujeres dispensarizadas por riesgo <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*156.64px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.911181);" role="presentation">reproductivo preconcepcional. Se pudo constatar una adecuada asimilación de los temas <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(–scale-factor)*78.00px); top: calc(var(–scale-factor)*177.34px); font-size: calc(var(–scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.925738);" role="presentation">impartidos